In response to the issues of time-consuming and cumbersome operations associated with traditional capture efficiency evaluation methods, a capture efficiency assessment system based on a static chamber-aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) has been developed for rapid dynamic visual evaluation of capture efficiency. The uniformity and stability of particulate matter concentration within the chamber were monitored through dust concentration sensors installed at multiple positions. The developed system was then applied to evaluate a PM2.5 cyclone sampler under varying sampling flow rates. Results demonstrate that the system enables rapid and accurate assessment of the sampler using polydisperse particles. When switching sampling flow rates, it generates capture efficiency curves within 1 minute, achieving dynamic visualization of the sampler's capture efficiency.